Kuberako ntamahame mpuzamahanga asobanura amanota ya karbide cyangwa porogaramu, abayikoresha bagomba kwishingikiriza kubitekerezo byabo n'ubumenyi bwibanze kugirango batsinde.# base
Mugihe ijambo metallurgical "carbide grade" ryerekeza cyane cyane kuri tungsten karbide (WC) yacuzwe na cobalt, iryo jambo rifite ubusobanuro bwagutse mugukora: karbide ya tungsten ya sima ifatanije nubundi buvuzi.Kurugero, ibintu bibiri bihinduranya bikozwe mubintu bimwe bya karbide ariko hamwe na coatings zitandukanye cyangwa nyuma yubuvuzi bifatwa nkamanota atandukanye.Ariko, ntamahame ngenderwaho mubyiciro bya karbide hamwe no gutwikira, bityo abatanga ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gutema bakoresha amazina atandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwo gutondekanya mumeza yabo.Ibi birashobora kugora umukoresha wa nyuma kugereranya amanota, ikibazo cyoroshye cyane kubera ko icyiciro cya karbide kumasoko yatanzwe gishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yo kugabanya no kubaho kubikoresho.
Kugirango uyobore iyi maze, uyikoresha agomba kubanza gusobanukirwa nicyiciro cya karbide ikozwe nuburyo buri kintu kigira ingaruka muburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya.
Inyuma ni ibikoresho byambaye byo gukata gushiramo cyangwa igikoresho gikomeye munsi ya coating na nyuma yo kuvurwa.Ubusanzwe igizwe na 80-95% WC.Gutanga substrate ibintu byifuzwa, abakora ibikoresho bongeramo ibintu bitandukanye bivanga.Ikintu nyamukuru kivanga ni cobalt (Co) - ibirimo byinshi bya cobalt bivamo gukomera, mugihe ibirimo cobalt yo hasi byongera ubukana.Substrates ikomeye cyane irashobora kugera kuri 1800 HV kandi igatanga imbaraga zo kwihanganira kwambara, ariko ziravunika cyane kandi zibereye gusa mubihe bihamye.Substrate ikomeye cyane ifite ubukana bwa HV 1300.Izi substrate zirashobora gukorerwa gusa kumuvuduko muke wo kugabanya, zambara vuba, ariko zirarwanya cyane guhagarikwa guhagarikwa nibihe bibi.
Impirimbanyi iboneye hagati yubukomere nugukomera nicyo kintu cyingenzi muguhitamo umusemburo wa progaramu runaka.Guhitamo urwego rukomeye birashobora kuvamo micro-gucamo ibice cyangwa gutsindwa bikabije.Mugihe kimwe, amanota akomeye cyane arashira vuba cyangwa bisaba kugabanya umuvuduko wo kugabanya, bigabanya umusaruro.Imbonerahamwe 1 itanga amabwiriza shingiro yo guhitamo durometero iboneye:
Ibyinshi bya karbide bigezweho hamwe nibikoresho bya karbide bisizwe na firime yoroheje (microne 3 kugeza kuri 20 cyangwa 0.0001 kugeza 0.0007).Ubusanzwe igifuniko kigizwe na nitride ya titanium, oxyde ya aluminium na karubonitride ya titanium.Iyi coating yongera ubukana kandi ikora inzitizi yubushyuhe hagati yo gukata na substrate.
Nubwo imaze kumenyekana gusa nko mu myaka icumi ishize, kongeraho ubundi buryo bwo kuvura nyuma yo gutwikira byahindutse urwego rwinganda.Ubu buryo bwo kuvura ni ubusanzwe cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo gusya bworoshya urwego rwo hejuru kandi bikagabanya ubushyamirane, bityo bikagabanya ubushyuhe.Itandukaniro ryibiciro mubisanzwe ni rito kandi mubihe byinshi nyuma yo gutunganyirizwa birasabwa guhitamo bitandukanye.
Guhitamo icyiciro cyiza cya karbide kubisabwa runaka, reba urutonde rwabatanga cyangwa urubuga kugirango ubone amabwiriza.Mugihe nta tegeko mpuzamahanga ryemewe, abacuruzi benshi bakoresha imbonerahamwe kugirango basobanure urwego rusabwa rwo gukora amanota ashingiye kuri "urugero" rwerekanwe nk'inyuguti eshatu / umubare uhuza, nka P05-P20.
Ibaruwa ya mbere yerekana itsinda ryibikoresho ukurikije ISO.Buri tsinda ryibikoresho ryahawe ibaruwa hamwe nibara rihuye.
Imibare ibiri ikurikira irerekana urwego rugereranije rugoye urwego, kuva kuri 05 kugeza 45 mukwiyongera kwa 5. 05 gusaba bisaba urwego rukomeye rukwiranye nibihe byiza kandi bihamye.45 Porogaramu isaba urwego rukomeye rukwiranye nuburyo bukaze kandi butajegajega.
Na none kandi, nta gipimo ngenderwaho kuri izi ndangagaciro, bityo rero bigomba gusobanurwa nkagaciro kagereranijwe mumeza yihariye yo gutondekanya.Kurugero, amanota yanditseho P10-P20 muri kataloge ebyiri kubatanga ibintu bitandukanye barashobora kugira ubukana butandukanye.
Ndetse no muri kataloge imwe, amanota yanditseho P10-P20 mumeza yo guhinduranya amanota ashobora kugira ubukana butandukanye n amanota yanditseho P10-P20 mumeza yo gusya.Itandukaniro rimanuka muburyo butandukanye kubintu bitandukanye.Guhindura ibikorwa nibyiza gukorwa hamwe n amanota akomeye cyane, ariko mugihe cyo gusya, ibihe byiza bisaba imbaraga runaka bitewe nigihe kimwe.
Imbonerahamwe 3 itanga hypothettike yimbonerahamwe yimikoreshereze hamwe nikoreshwa ryayo mubikorwa bitandukanye bigoye guhinduranya bishobora gutondekwa murutonde rwibikoresho bitanga ibikoresho.Muriyi ngero, icyiciro A kirasabwa kubintu byose byahindutse, ariko ntabwo ari ugukabya gukabije, mugihe icyiciro D gisabwa guhinduka cyane hamwe nibindi bihe bibi cyane.Ibikoresho nka MachiningDoctor.com's Grade Finder irashobora gushakisha amanota ukoresheje iyi nyandiko.
Nkuko nta tegeko ryemewe ryurwego rwicyiciro, ntamahame yemewe yo kugena ibyiciro.Nyamara, ibyinshi mubyingenzi bitanga insimburangingo bikurikiza amabwiriza rusange kubiciro byabo.Amazina ya "Classic" ari muburyo butandatu bw'inyuguti BBSSNN, aho:
Ibisobanuro byavuzwe haruguru nibyo mubyukuri.Ariko kubera ko ibi atari ISO / ANSI bisanzwe, abacuruzi bamwe bakora ibyo bahinduye kuri sisitemu, kandi nibyiza kumenya izi mpinduka.
Impamyabumenyi igira uruhare runini muguhindura porogaramu kuruta izindi porogaramu.Kubwibyo, mugihe ushakisha urutonde rwabatanga isoko, igice cyo guhindura kizaba gifite ihitamo ryinshi ryamanota.
Uru rugari runini rwo guhindura amanota nigisubizo cyurwego runini rwo guhindura ibikorwa.Iki cyiciro gitangirira ku guca guhoraho (aho gukata guhora kwishora mubikorwa kandi ntibigire ingaruka, ariko bitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi) kugeza guhagarikwa (aho ingaruka zikomeye zibera).
Ubwoko butandukanye bwo guhindura amanota nabwo bufitanye isano na diametre zitandukanye mu musaruro, kuva 1/8 ″ (3mm) kumashini yo mu bwoko bwa swiss kugeza 100 ″ kugirango ikoreshwe mu nganda zikomeye.Kuberako kugabanya umuvuduko nabyo biterwa na diametre, harasabwa amanota atandukanye atezimbere umuvuduko muke cyangwa mwinshi.
Abatanga isoko nyamukuru batanga amanota atandukanye kuri buri tsinda ryibikoresho.Amanota muri buri ruhererekane ahereye ku bikoresho bikomeye byo guhagarika gukata kugeza ku bikoresho bikomeye byo guhora bikata.
Iyo gusya, urutonde rwamanota yatanzwe ni ruto.Bitewe nigihe gito cyimiterere ya porogaramu, ibikoresho byo gusya bisaba amanota akomeye hamwe ningaruka zikomeye.Kubwimpamvu imwe, igipfundikizo kigomba kuba cyoroshye, bitabaye ibyo ntibishobora kwihanganira ingaruka.
Abatanga ibicuruzwa benshi bazasya amatsinda yibikoresho bitandukanye hamwe ninyuma zitandukanye.
Iyo gutandukana cyangwa guswera, guhitamo amanota bigarukira kubera kugabanya umuvuduko.Nukuvuga, diameter iba nto uko gukata kwegera ikigo.Kubwibyo, kugabanya umuvuduko bigenda bigabanuka.Iyo ukata werekeza kuri centre, umuvuduko amaherezo ugera kuri zeru nyuma yo gukata, kandi ibikorwa bihinduka icyogosho aho gukata.
Rero, ubuziranenge bwo gutandukana bugomba guhuzwa nurwego runini rwo guca umuvuduko, kandi substrate igomba kuba ikomeye bihagije kugirango ihangane nogosha kurangiza ibikorwa.
Shallow grooves ntisanzwe kubundi bwoko.Kuberako bisa no guhindukira, abatanga ibicuruzwa hamwe noguhitamo kwinshi kwinjizamo ibintu akenshi batanga intera nini yamanota kumatsinda amwe yibintu hamwe nibisabwa.
Iyo gucukura, umuvuduko wo guca hagati hagati yimyitozo uhora ari zeru, mugihe umuvuduko wo guca kuri peripheri biterwa na diameter yimyitozo n'umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka.Impamyabumenyi yatunganijwe kumuvuduko mwinshi ntabwo ikwiye kandi ntigomba gukoreshwa.Abacuruzi benshi batanga amoko make.
Amaduka menshi akora amakosa yo gutekereza ko ibikoresho bigezweho ari plug-na-gukina.Ibi bikoresho birashobora guhura nabafite ibikoresho bihari ndetse bikanahuza muruganda rumwe cyangwa guhinduranya imifuka nkuko karbide yinjizamo, ariko niho ibisa birangirira.
Ifu, ibice, nibicuruzwa nuburyo butandukanye ibigo bitera inganda ziyongera.Ibikoresho bya Carbide no gukata nibice bitandukanye byo gutsinda.
Ceratizit WTX-HFDS y'imyitozo yakijije OWSI iminota 3.5 kuri buri gice mubikorwa bigoye kandi ikuraho burundu ibikorwa bitari ngombwa, byongera inyungu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-21-2023